Sunday, May 31, 2020

The Issue of Social Issues in the United States

The Issue of Social Issues in the United StatesSocial issues are a hot topic these days and many people are really bothered about the whole issue. And it is not just the issue of public morality, but also the issue of healthcare, education, and housing for the poor. You might think that I am talking nonsense because it is well-known that I am not, but that's what has caused this major debate in America.A rather interesting news item appeared in the New York Times a couple of years ago. On that day, the American Bar Association had declared that it would not advise the American Psychiatric Association to support same sex marriage. The New York Times referred to the association as the 'psychiatric association' because, with one stroke, the whole debate about homosexuality finally dissolved into nothingness.Now we must understand that this debate was about the issue of marriage and gay marriage. It was not about some discussion about children. Even though there have been countless peopl e who have testified in support of same sex marriage, they have had no problem taking care of their children.It was not even about immigration, global warming, or terrorism, or even other international problems. It was not about the economy. It was about two men choosing to spend the rest of their lives together, which does not seem so strange to most of us these days.One question is still in the air - do gay couples have children? This is a totally different thing altogether. It is not uncommon for heterosexual couples to adopt, so why not same sex couples?If one of the members of the group does not agree with the declaration made by the other, then it would be their right to quit and choose another country's values instead. And since they refuse to resign, then what the hell do they expect to get out of this silly matter?Now I am not against any of the social issues, but I am totally against same sex marriage. It is completely unnecessary and even offensive to me. Why should any p erson have to commit to a union that no one can provide for them?There is no reason for a couple to choose which society they want to be part of, when a minority of gay people have chosen to make it possible for all of us. It is simply absurd. As for the ABA, and their declaration that they will not encourage their colleagues to support same sex marriage, that is a bold stand, but it is one that no one should ignore because people like them have always been the ones who were in the way.

Saturday, May 30, 2020

Gucci, Louis Vuitton and Vertu - Free Essay Example

Introduction In the high end retail market, Gucci (1921), Louis Vuitton (1854) Vertu (2000) are three successful so-called luxury brands. However, creating luxury brands is a difficult marketing exercise. Marketers are moving from the traditional marketing mix approach towards greater use of experiential marketing to create an emotional attachment between the brand and the customer. It is necessary for a brand to convey a personality that the customer can relate or aspire to. Q1: What are the key success factors in creating an exclusive product/service? Using the brands discussed in the case. a) Gucci * Gucci’s products grabbed the attention of many powerful celebrities including Jackie Kennedy, Grace Kelly and Audrey Hepburn. These women represent elegance and style, which enhances the prestigious aura of Gucci. * Another key success to maintain its exclusive status is to never compromise into the down-market even with bankruptcy at stake in the 90s. * A major influence on t he success of Gucci in the 90’s was the appointment of leading designer Tom Ford as the creative director of Gucci overseeing product lines, store image and store design. In March 1995, his first collection caught attention of the press by utilizing sex and glamour, which reinvented its image to bring back an aura of exclusivity and prestige. In addition to this, Tom Ford believes in giving the whole experience of buying Gucci through stores with rich and classic decor located on expensive streets, model like salespeople, great customer service and distinctive Gucci packaging. (b) Louis Vuitton * Louis Vuitton has tried to modernize its image by using young designers, while maintaining the classic designs. However, no designers can eclipse the powerful brand image of Louis Vuitton itself. * Louis Vuitton stands out from peer by focusing on product quality. All products are extensively tested to make sure they can withstand wear and tear. The company emphasize integrate manufacturing initiatives such as â€Å"quality circles† in the production process. * The company operates a pricing strategy by practicing on never reduced in price and no sales period. * The company offers customized products such as personal engraving on their products and ponsoring elite sport events such as yachting and motorsport events. (c) Vertu * Vertu utilizes craftsmanship, precision engineering, high-end technology and unique personal service dimension, to create a distinctive luxury brand. Vertu wants their phones to be a status symbol and aims to create a fashion brand rather than a technology brand. * Vertu Concierge provides specialized travel assistance, allowing users to access and reserve restaurants, hotels, concert tickets and much more. Also, the company offers free upgradeability when new technology emerges. Q2: What is the importance of concentrating on retail environment when adopting a marketing strategy of experiential marketing? Give examples us ing the Gucci, Louis Vuitton and Vertu brands . Stores are another extension of brand image. * Gucci stores are located on expensive high street with provocative window display and free flow of interior that appeals more to customers, which allow them to browse comfortably. The decor is rich and classic. To add to the image, the salespersons are dressed smartly and even security guard is suitably dressed. For the convenience for the customers, Gucci products can also be purchased online. * Gucci became a Multi Brand Global Company through the acquisition of several labels and uses different channels of distribution for each of its acquired labels. * Vertu established flagship stores in exclusive shopping districts, thus benefiting from a halo effect. Vertu has developed a unique buying experience by creating â€Å"gallery-like† feels to its retail environments. In keeping with element of exclusivity, original artworks were commissioned and exhibited throughout the stores. By offering a first class personal service combined with extensive product knowledge, Vertu has enhanced their image of reliability and expertise. Vertu phones are available online and customer can personalize their mobile phone too. The company is also extremely particular when choosing suitable retail channels that must have a global reputation in offering quality and luxury products. Q3: Discuss how exclusive brands may lose their aura of exclusiveness and fashion status, identifying possible threats to these brands? Some brands are targeting both ends of the market. The risk of ‘democratizing’ the brand is that they may lose their aura of exclusivity – as it can be obtained by anyone. If one brand goes down-market, it may have profound repercussions on the appeal of the parent brand. Calvin Klein brand name was affected when they sold the jean in discount supermarkets such as Wal Mart during the 90s. This has downgraded the image of Calvin Klein jeans. Failure to retain talented designer or losing them to their rivals may also affect the brand’s exclusiveness. Counterfeiting is huge subculture within the luxury brand sector. The quality of fakes is getting better, making it harder and harder for people to distinguish the fake from the real thing apart from price. This is a huge threat to luxury brands. Conclusion Advertising can only create awareness for the product/service. The success of Gucci, Louis Vuitton and Vertu can be attributed to quality of service, brand image, retail environment, management structure, and ability to combine these factors to create exclusive experience.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Why Everybody Is Talking About Easy Essay Writing Service and What You Should be Doing

Why Everybody Is Talking About Easy Essay Writing Service and What You Should do When it has to do with article composing and you're under the weight with your cutoff times you start to chase for a touch of help from proficient scholastic authors. After you are given composing brief, you ought to dissect it and art an appropriate paper in agreement to the directions. In case you're an understudy who frantically needs a specialist paper composing administration, we guarantee to help you in your undertakings. Increasingly entangled subjects will frequently be progressively costly. Finding the Best Easy Essay Writing Service To have an amount of money, you'll find an article that has been composed legitimately for you by and by. Likewise, dependable administrations like Edubirdie would ensure that when the request was set, the understudy would get the paper reliably. Clear request position You can place the request in straightforward activities and will have confidence. Your requests wi ll be done precisely as you want. Where to Find Easy Essay Writing Service Most composing administration organizations gracefully a wide assortment of administrations. Any custom composing administration will in general location experts. It's conceivable to find such a help, however you must be careful during the determination approach. Absolutely, there are various thoroughly free administrations which can be found by the on-line suppliers. Seeing how the Ultius paper requesting process functions will ensure you are both educated and aware of what's going on at each progression along the buy. The method for composing the exploration paper will be very tedious so it's imperative to pick a theme that will support your enthusiasm for the length of the endeavor. The answer to the subject of how to find the perfect composing administration isn't a simple one. Frequently it is a genuine fight for those understudies to find the best compositional proposition subject areas. Alright, I Thin k I Understand Easy Essay Writing Service, Now Tell Me About Easy Essay Writing Service! Along these lines, you will realize all that is vital. In this way, you should verify that you're ready to arrange an article whenever you require and complete it a couple of hours. Edubirdie free administrations are valuable for understudies to secure additional help for their papers. Survey destinations are quite often genuine and trustworthy. The Easy Essay Writing Service Game You won't find any bits of your article on the web and will get an extraordinary and customized try, composed by the best writers in the country. You will in no time find the official information about us. To spare you time and be progressively gainful, we've planned a wide determination of exposition composing administrations that you may use as an asset for your own work. The subject of the class is Love, or so the examination paper needs to. On the off chance that you are looking for a dependable and master tweaked exposition composing administration, you can stop your inquiry right now! Notwithstanding the kind of exposition administration you're needing, we have the ensured and talented staff to help you. Our site is only one of the most proper for paper help. The genuine people profoundly acclaim our paper help site. The New Angle On Easy Essay Writing Service Just Released Decide on a thing you are contemplating. In a perfectly clear and single sentence it summarizes what point you are attempting to make. At times composing any task may get troublesome as it would require some investment. Part of the individual get a lot of delight from their absolute best achievements. Utilizing a paper composing administration doesn't connote you're cheating since papers by and large don't assume an essential job in your evaluation yet they do make a difference. As you definitely realize that there are unmistakable types of exposit ions. At our exposition help, papers are constantly conveyed in a short second. Story articles Pick a straightforward exposition composing administration and you will gain proficiency with a ton account papers. Numerous understudies know the essentials of composing articles, yet they bomb hopelessly when they have to chip away at an alternate sort of exposition. Regardless of whether you pick to look for the administrations of a paper composing administration Australia to help you with the task or not, make sure to choose a subject which will assist you with introducing your contentions without any problem. There are various types of scholarly papers. The exposition might be a regularly apportioned way of composing that each understudy can experience though in world.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

The Quality Of Essay Writing: Essay Sample To Certain College

<h1>The Quality Of Essay Writing: Essay Sample To Certain College</h1><p>When choosing which tests of starting exposition to certain school, understudies should consider the abstract legitimacy and chronicled setting of the paper. Numerous understudy teachers anticipate that understudies should know the necessary scholarly structure for paper arrangement. Understudies ought to be set up to introduce a scope of perspectives inside this structure. Understudies might have the option to acquire these thoughts from their own scholastic research, while others should peruse essential sources.</p><p></p><p>The understudy has a commitment to guarantee that their composing is of a sufficiently high standard to allow distribution in a significant scholarly diary or in an undergrad abstract diary. A few schools will just acknowledge explicit composing tests of starting paper to certain school. There are a lot more that concede exposition tests of startin g paper to the general understudy body.</p><p></p><p>One of the main places an understudy might need to consider is the Collegiate Writing Center. This middle offers an assortment of chances for understudies who have not yet finished a degree yet might want to investigate composing. The main necessity for affirmation is a present email address.</p><p></p><p>This focus offers explicit composing assignments for understudies to rehearse their composing aptitudes. These understudies are offered one to about a month to compose a general article on an assortment of points. Toward the finish of this period the inside staff individuals judge the nature of the paper and distinguish the most encouraging understudies. The understudies who fit the bill for a web based composing course might be qualified to submit papers for distribution in diaries, diaries that don't have indistinguishable limitations from an alumni level artistic journal.</p&g t;<p></p><p>Some understudies decide to utilize private mentors to contemplate. The coaches that partake in the Collegiate Writing Center are employees. They are specialists in the zone of composing propensities. These understudies are urged to peruse as a significant part of the composed work they can.</p><p></p><p>There are numerous different authorities inside this specific zone of study. The focal point of the University of British Columbia's program is increasingly equipped towards those understudies who are going to a college program and are hoping to enhance their degree. The focal point of the University of Alberta's program is for understudies who are entering an undergrad program and are hoping to hone their aptitudes for accommodation to some more significant level of writing.</p><p></p><p>Students who are thinking about a particular territory of composing are urged to investigate the course content. There are numerous online conversations, discussions and a gathering. These can assist understudies with narrowing down their composing inclinations before choosing which of the different composing projects may be reasonable for them.</p><p></p><p>Students who choose to decide on a portion of the numerous examples of starting paper to certain school may locate the web based composing programs accessible helpful. This composing course could furnish understudies with a prologue to how paper composing can be considered as a scholarly control. It likewise furnishes understudies with extra assets for understudies who would prefer not to invest their energy in perusing different types of literature.</p>

Friday, May 22, 2020

Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout

<h1>Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout</h1><p>A Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout can be utilized as a guide in arranging the whole work of this composing course. The Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout contains a few thoughts for understudies and one can't deny its usefulness.</p><p></p><p>Baarbri article composing workshop freebees are intended to give a superior comprehension on how an understudy should do his errand. An understudy who needs to do the task himself, must be prepared to pay attention to the exercises. This is beyond the realm of imagination in the event that he isn't happy to invest in amounts of energy and endure some losses.</p><p></p><p>The Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout will permit understudies to acquire definite information on the strategies engaged with composing expositions. This freebee will offer significant indications and proposals that are basic for composing your own special papers. The present will give the direction to work more efficiently. The understudy can learn legitimate sentence structure and compose his paper without making mistakes.</p><p></p><p>The Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout contains a few classes of materials that are helpful for composing papers. The principal classification is the composing directions which assists understudies with composing utilizing capital letters and lower case letters. Utilizing capital letters for the sections will assist with forestalling mistakes. The Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout will teach understudies on the most proficient method to utilize the PC console to type the paper properly.</p><p></p><p>The second area is the exercise module which incorporates understanding material and exposition themes. The article composing process expects understudies to pick themes from the understanding materials and continue accordingly.</p>< p></p><p>The third segment is the example test, which is given by the educator toward the finish of the class. The educator will offer the right responses in the paper composing meeting. A short time later, understudies can check their answers from the example test and use them to improve their essays.</p><p></p><p>The practice paper is accessible in the wake of finishing the entire Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout. The training paper is a piece of the fundamental present. This is a decent practice paper that assists understudies with getting a thought of the stuff to make a successful paper. This training paper incorporates practice addresses that will assist with preparing understudies on the most proficient method to utilize the software.</p><p></p><p>The Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout is an extensive guide on the most proficient method to compose papers. It contains nitty gritty data and subtleties on h ow the understudy ought to compose his paper. The Baarbri Essay Writing Workshop Handout will likewise give valuable tips on the most proficient method to alter their work.</p>

Monday, May 18, 2020

Introducing College Admission Essay

<h1> Introducing College Admission Essay </h1> <p>The confirmations audit process endeavors to adjust the abstract and target components of the application. An application article is among the most basic parts in the college application approach. The better piece of the exposition utilizes standard English and English punctuation. It's critical to peruse cautiously exposition administrations surveys, since you might want to avoid low predominant administrations. </p> <h2>College Admission Essay - the Conspiracy </h2> <p>You're a secondary school senior, and you have to seem like one. School grounds can use remote two-way radios which can be arranged to satisfy each significant correspondence need and are a mess less expensive than you could understand. Following that, consider what schools might need to think about their forthcoming understudies. Peruse on to get familiar with how to work superbly showing what they truly need to know. </p& gt; <p>The system for composing school papers for the most part requests heaps of time. With our paper help you might be sure no one will improve mark for the work than you. Evidently, an extortion papers help administration doesn't need you to get an opportunity to contact them subsequent to being looted. Composing the school application article can be among the most overwhelming segments of applying to school. </p> <p>The paper for specific universities is much of the time a wellspring of dissatisfaction and strife in a family. They need to realize you are a solid match for their school and have a genuine comprehension of it. Toward the day's end, they need to acknowledge somebody who is going to graduate, be effective on the planet and have the college related with that achievement. </p> <p>As long as it's accomplished in a manner that is in the soul of the exposition, there should be not all that much. So far as the understudies are included, composing an exploration paper is among the hardest and baffling undertaking as they would see it. In case you're starting to feel disappointed or overpowered by your exposition, take a rest and accomplish something else. Building up an awesome school paper may lose its motivation in the occasion the substance of what you've composed isn't what the college is requesting. </p> <h2> Life After College Admission Essay </h2> <p>Admission exposition is only one of the principle scholastic papers throughout your life as it decides if you will have the option to join the school you need or not. Nor does the school article must be so overwhelming. Your school article ought to contain data that are identified with the guidance offered to you. Before you start composing your school article, you may need to s ee the paper examplesA that we've recorded for you, so you may have more thought on what things to place in the school exposition you will make. </p> <p>Today's tips focus on the individual exposition. Sharing an individual story that is appropriate to the brief is a magnificent technique to acquire your paper stick out from the group. Before you even start composing the substance of your school exposition, there are a couple of paper composing fundamental guide that you should consistently recollect. After you own a point, it's ideal to make a framework of thoughts. </p> <p>There's no motivation to surge your paper. The idea isn't to create an epic story. Your answer shouldn't be a book report. </p> <p>To get paper on the web, you basically should fill in the application structure and you'll get prevalent work on the ideal theme. In the event that you permit us to create your paper, you'll have the opportunity to focus on your investigations and other work. In the event that you buy articles on the web, it's extremely critical to comprehend whether the work is still in process or has been done. In outline, figuring out how to make articles appropriately is something which you can't maintain a strategic distance from. </p>

College Application Essay Topics

<h1>College Application Essay Topics</h1><p>There are an assortment of extraordinary school application article themes to browse. On the off chance that you can compose a convincing exposition, at that point there is no explanation that you can't do it. The accompanying models are nevertheless a couple of instances of compelling school application paper topics.</p><p></p><p>One of the most ordinarily utilized school application exposition themes is simply forming into an uncommon individual. The customary approaches to deliver this thought are to examine the characteristics you have and to be ambiguous about the qualities you need to create. Nonetheless, sometimes, in the event that you attempt to accomplish the entirety of the characteristics that you can, you may find that you wind up creating none.</p><p></p><p>In request to compose a decent school application article, you have to recognize what characteristics are basic for you to create. In the event that you consider what might be beneficial for you to create, you can think of a rundown. This may not really incorporate the scholarly accomplishments that you are as of now progressing in the direction of. It could incorporate whether you are glad in your activity, what sort of life you need to live, or whatever other characteristics that are essential to you.</p><p></p><p>The next idea that numerous understudies don't consider when composing their school application article is the means by which they will utilize their training. They can take the course that they are taking and use it to accomplish something advantageous, for instance, start a business. They can likewise utilize the course to figure out how to get effective at something different. A few instances of intriguing courses incorporate craftsmanship or music. An individual can utilize their instruction to find a new line of work with one of these fields or t he other.</p><p></p><p>One of the best instances of an application exposition title that gives you a clue regarding the paper that you are composing is the one you decide to use in the area for the individual proclamation. By picking an application exposition title that starts with 'My,' you are advising your perusers that you need to expound on your life. You are disclosing to them that you need to really expound on the things that are essential to you. They will realize that your articles will be centered and based around your own life.</p><p></p><p>After you have settled on the application exposition titles that you need to utilize, the rest is basic. You simply need to compose your paper. Remember that the article is fundamentally the same as a draft of a paper, and that you will likely make it as brief as could reasonably be expected. There are a few unique styles that are accessible for you to use as you compose your essay.</p ><p></p><p>Hopefully, examining the models that we have given you will help you in your examination about composing school application articles. Recall that applying for school is hard, yet it is anything but difficult to make it simple in the event that you follow these guidelines.</p>

Sunday, May 17, 2020

How to Write a Conclusion For Compare and Contrast Essay Sample

The most effective method to Write a Conclusion For Compare and Contrast Essay SampleA end for look into article is a record that you end the examination of a subject by recording your feelings about the entire issue. This archive allows the understudies to really investigate a few perspectives which thusly causes them to frame their own suppositions about the subject. It is extremely useful for the understudies when they are learning a subject.The last determination for a difference to a theme can be composed for nothing. A difference to a point can be written in two different ways, one is to compose your assessments which have nothing to do with the subject while the other path is to remove a solitary word from the theme and expound on it. For instance, on the off chance that you were examining agribusiness, at that point you could expound on how new organic products are less expensive than new vegetables. A determination for a complexity to a theme could likewise incorporate a cou ple of sentences which contain your contentions and points.The decision for a differentiation to a subject ought to be with the end goal that the point that you are attempting to make is seen by the peruser. A decision for a difference to a subject ought to be useful to the peruser, fascinating to peruse and should help in learning. Hence, it should mirror the point or concept.Writing a determination for a complexity is simple however composing a basic passage is definitely not a smart thought. A determination for a complexity ought to have a conventional style and ought to have a legitimate organization. There ought to be an ideal harmony between the formal and casual style and the realities and the opinions.Once you have composed your determination for a differentiation to a subject, it is significant that you group it in a way that it is lucid for all. In the event that the determination for a complexity is excessively long and excessively formal, at that point the peruser will l ose enthusiasm for perusing it won't help in learning.The last decision for a differentiation ought to be short and ought to follow a legitimate configuration. A determination for a complexity ought to be slick and not confused.A decision for a difference is one of the most significant components of an exposition. The finishing up passage ought to obviously express your explanation behind composing your last section. The outline ought to likewise be concise.Writing a decision for a difference is helpful for a wide range of understudies. Understudies contemplating a subject need to take a few to get back some composure of their musings and conclusion and this piece of the class helps in doing this. Having a determination for a differentiation can assist with hearing thoughts and thoughts streaming and it makes the exposition all the more intriguing.

Saturday, May 16, 2020

Cognitive Dissonance And Its Effects On Our Lives - 956 Words

Cognitive Dissonance In psychology, we are learning about the human mind and how we respond to situations, as well as other people in our environment. One concept psychologists are still trying to understand is why do we feel the need to justify actions, thoughts, or ideas that we have that are different from others’? Why are we afraid of failure and not very accepting of being wrong? The class was previously assigned to read an article of two psychologists’ views on these issues and try to explain what strives these behaviors. The reading was very interesting to read and I fully enjoyed it. The selection provided solid, as well as common examples of how cognitive dissonance affects our daily lives and when this might be a factor. In all honesty, it really surprises me as to how far we will actually go to justify our actions in order to prevent rejection and reduce this mental discomfort. To think people will convince themselves to think certainly of something more, just because they can not change their final choice is actually really shocking. To me it seems as though we are just protecting ourselves mentally when we really should be honest with ourselves. Just think about it, what would help us out more in the end? Lying to ourselves to justify our typically wrong decisions to prevent temporary rejection, or just straight up say it’s wrong and be a better person altogether? I can provide two examples as to when cognitive dissonance was present in my own personalShow MoreRelatedCognitive Dissonance Essay1632 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive dissonance can be described as the feeling of discomfort resulting from holding two conflicting beliefs. It can also be said to be the mental conflict that occurs when beliefs or assumptions are contradicted by new information. A well-known psychologist Leon Festinger (1919–89), introduced this concept in the late 1950s where he proved that, when confronted with challenging new information; most people are observed to preserve their current understanding of the world by rejecting or avoidingRead MoreCognitive Dissonance And Its Effect On Behavior1654 Words   |  7 PagesPeople experience cognitive dissonance when they perceive that there is a mismatch between their attitudes and behaviors. Because we are motivated to keep our cognitions consistent, the inconsistency brought about by dissonance becomes a drive that must be reduced. This is done by changing either the attitude or the behavior such that they may accurately align with each other. Eventually, the New Look model to dissonance will shift the causal path to an explanation using avoidance of aversive consequencesRead More Cognitive Dissonance Essay1280 Words   |  6 Pagessocial event. While deciding to go to the party instead, it leads me in a state of tension as the party time can be well spent on studying for the final exam next morning. This state of uneasiness or tension is easily understood as Cognitive Dissonance. Cognitive Dissonance Theory, developed by Leon Festinger (1957), is concerned with the relationships among cognitions (Festinger, 1957). In this context, cognition can be perceived as a piece of knowledge that may inscribe an element of an attitude,Read MoreMistakes Were Made By Me, By Carol Travis And Elliot Aronson1252 Words   |  6 PagesMistakes Were Made (but not by me) Mistakes Were Made (but not by me) by Carol Travis and Elliot Aronson is a book about the definition of cognitive dissonance, how it affects people’s lives and how certain situations and reactions effects the lives of people in various aspects, the different aspects it has in certain situations and how we react to it. Cognitive dissonance is a state of tension that occurs whenever a person who holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent. For example, inRead MoreSocial Psychology And Sociology And Psychology1450 Words   |  6 Pageshad learned during our class, known as post-decision cognitive dissonance. Later I would experience firsthand the concept of stereotype threat and conformity effect; both in a negative way, which would lead to my final resignation. This paper will explain several key terms that have are essential to social psychology; while also connecting them to a real life event that demonstrates their practicality in usage. Continuing on, when describing post-decision cognitive dissonance, it is best to giveRead MoreApplied Social Psychology On Psychology981 Words   |  4 Pages 2 Applied social psychology is one way that psychologist can study our thought, feeling and belief, and how we function around each other, in our everyday lives, here are the five issues that I will be addressing in my literature review they are social influence, Attribution Theory, Group polarization, Cognitive dissonance theory, and Observational Learning. Social applied psychology has been shown to dominant theories and practices of managementRead MoreThe Abuse Of Methamphetamine : Fear And Drive Reduction Model, Disruptions By Shock Tactics And Cognitive Dissonance Strategy872 Words   |  4 PagesThe drug abuse literally destroyed their lives and the community. The rate of children in foster care rose drastically because meth destroyed families and made everyday interactions unbearable. In this paper, we will address three strategies to combat the abuse of meth: Fear and Drive Reduction model, Disruption by shock tactics and Cognitive Dissonance strategy. We will see these methods in use campaign against and increase awareness of the ail effects of meth in order to get people serious aboutRead MoreHow Pragmatism Would Be Appealing For A Wide Audience Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pagesrapidly changing. Additionally, the concepts put forth were much more comprehensible to novices in philosophy. For example, the main concept put forth by Mr. Charles S. Peirce the father of pragmatism in the text entitled How to Make Our Ideas Clear states, â€Å"that our beliefs are really rules for action†. It was a concise and elegant concept that allowed for mass appeal. However, I believe it would have been best if pragmatism had been thought of as the initiation process that helped us gain understandingRead MoreLeon Festinger s Theory Of Cognitive Dissonance1855 Words   |à ‚  8 PagesLeon Festinger s theory of cognitive dissonance (1957) sets its meaning on the theory that behavior does not support the attitude or vice versa. At many times individuals see themselves experiencing this phenomenon, so in order to reduce this dissonance, either the attitude or the behavior needs to be altered or changed. A perfect example would have to be when a white person says that black and whites are all the same yet he/she would not want to live in a neighborhood with the majority of the populationRead MoreHow Pragmatism Would Be Appealing For A Wide Audience Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pageshelp adapt to a world that was so rapidly changing, but also because the concepts put forth are much more comprehensible to a novice in philosophy. You have for, example the main concept put forth in How to Make Our Ideas Clear. by Mr. Charles S. Peirce the father of pragmatism, â€Å"that our beliefs are really rules for action† It is a concise and elegant concept that all ows for mass appeal. This view however, should be viewed as providing clarification or the start of a process in hopes that we gain

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Importance of Tables in Research Papers

<h1>The Importance of Tables in Research Papers</h1><p>Although your exploration paper may not really include the subject of your examination paper, it is significant pieces of research papers and are shown either in figs or in a table. You should take note of that these two primary parts have more significance since they give a strong base to different segments of your exploration paper.</p><p></p><p>When you compose your examination paper, it is fundamental that you incorporate tables, since this is where the data you have to incorporate can be found and handled. On the off chance that you can't discover the data you need in your tables, you can likewise counsel tables accessible in sites and libraries.</p><p></p><p>Your inquire about paper may incorporate a presentation and the body passages. You ought to likewise incorporate commentaries toward the finish of your tables.</p><p></p><p>Your ex plore papers and are shown either in figs or in a table. You should take note of that these two primary segments have more significance since they give a strong base to different parts of your exploration paper.</p><p></p><p>You ought to remember references for your examination papers and are shown either in figs or in a table. It is likewise significant that you include supporting references in your examination notes. You ought to incorporate point by point conversations about the sources that you utilized in your paper.</p><p></p><p>When you compose your examination paper, it is fundamental that you incorporate tables, since this is where the data you have to incorporate can be found and handled. On the off chance that you can't discover the data you need in your tables, you can likewise counsel tables accessible in sites and libraries.</p><p></p><p>Your examine papers and are shown either in figs or in a tabl e. You should take note of that these two principle parts have more significance since they give a strong base to different segments of your exploration paper.</p>

The Start of Gre Essay Samples Argument

<h1>The Start of Gre Essay Samples Argument </h1> <h2> Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Gre Essay Samples Argument Is Wrong</h2> <p>The perfect approach to prepare for the GRE exposition is to keep in touch with one and have it evaluated by a master, using precisely the same rules that are utilized for the real GRE. On the off chance that you need to realize all the more with respect to the GRE paper length, we've finished a particular post on that. There are numerous sites that similarly list totally free GRE test addresses practice on them. The absolute first issue to do before you begin looking for GRE test expositions is to appreciate what the Analytical Writing test area is about. </p> <p>Geometry and variable based math reading material are various instances of accommodating examination helps. In a few different tests, you will be indicated the gre exposition themes to expound on. GRE paper requests the understudy to be educated about an extremely differing assortment of subjects. The issue article in GRE needs an adequate entirety of prep before the genuine test. </p> <p>Manhattan prep GRE jargon cheat sheets are among the best in the commercial center. The Analytical Writing Measure is basically one bit of the GRE, at the same time, alongside your scores on the contrary territories of the test, assists with anticipating your ability to be successful in graduate school. All things considered, the GRE Issue isn't a trial of information as much since it's a trial of how you're ready to utilize information anyway constrained to back your position.</p> <h2> The Downside Risk of Gre Essay Samples Argument</h2> <p>If you invest igate the insights underneath, you should agree with me. Your report will educate you what functioned admirably on your GRE paper and the manner in which you can improve it to win a more noteworthy score on the genuine GRE AWA. A response to some other issue will get a score of zero. You will get your article scores roughly 10-15 days following your test date.</p> <p>When you work with us, you're ensured that every one of the examples and points will be modified to accommodate your motivations. The themes would be related with the typical challenges. Substance matters more than each other component with respect to your expositions. The article exhibits least proof of the capacity to grasp or tackle the issue or break down the contention. </p> <p>The last passage or end is used to summarize, and adjust the significant thought. At that stage, you can start composing full length practice papers. Both test your ability to make a fitting postulation articulation t hat you need to guard over the class of numerous sections. There are a couple of shared traits over every one of the paper prompts on the GRE Argument pool page, even past the reality which each undertaking solicits you to inspect some sort from contention and break down it. </p> <h2> The Gre Essay Samples Argument Cover Up</h2> <p>Should you need tests quick, at that point you'll most likely make the most of our basic three-advance practice. You could likewise request that your essayist gracefully a draft, from which you can measure the advancement of your buy. When you've gotten your general structure, it's an ideal opportunity to ensure your passages go in sensible buy. Should you do, you've begun bombing the test as of now. </p> <p>Whether you are needing an example, a layout, extended article points, or an entire uniquely crafted paper, our specialists are able to give able help. To get entire preferred position, you should come to be excepti onally familiar with the subject of real exposition questions. Make certain to explain the manner in which the responses to the inquiries would assist with surveying the end. Compose a reaction wherein you examine what questions would need to persuade offered an explanation to have the option to pick whether the suggestion will most likely have the anticipated result. </p> <p>Thus, don't pack each cite you know in the article. Set aside the effort to edit your exposition, when you get done with composing it. At that point recognize which kind of exposition you need make. From the blueprint, it is conceivable to now start composing your article. </p> <p>If you apply the ideal watchwords and expressions, you're probably going to find some inconceivable papers to help with article point thoughts. Breaking down an issue is one more of the potential GRE article points. For instance, you will likely figure out how to pick or make an ideal paper theme. </p> <p>No phenomenal author under daylight composes two precisely same sentences in a single exposition or article. It is conceivable to gain from instances of good papers, the absolute first critical advance really finding an extraordinary example article. </p>

Monday, May 11, 2020

Writing Tips For Howard Application Essay

<h1>Writing Tips For Howard Application Essay</h1><p>Writing tips for Howard application papers are critical when you will apply for a school in the United States. This is the season when school affirmations officials will be giving close consideration to your application, and any missteps you may make could represent the moment of truth your odds of getting into that school. There are a lot of approaches to assist you with this, so I will clarify them below.</p><p></p><p>When composing your school exposition, it is imperative that you comprehend what you are expounding on. It ought to be founded on your encounters and the data that you have gathered all through the school year. Recollect that you will be required to compose an exposition for any school or college that you apply to. Remember that it tends to be submitted for each class as well.</p><p></p><p>When composing your Howard application article, it is signific ant that you don't attempt to oversell yourself. Truly, you will need to utilize your encounters in your application article, yet be cautious that you don't seem to be self-important and put an excessive amount of accentuation on it. Keep it basic, and ensure you don't meander aimlessly on.</p><p></p><p>Most of the time, individuals apply for school with high evaluations, yet the greater part of them don't make their Howard application article an archive that was simply founded on their school grade. Imagine a scenario where you lose your transcript. You would need to discover something in it that would show that you have done well in school. Recall that most schools will acknowledge a transcript, so ensure that you take a gander at the best one that you can.</p><p></p><p>Be fair with your Howard application exposition, and recollect that these papers are a piece of the confirmations procedure. It is basic for confirmations officials t o get a large number of uses for every school. Along these lines, consistently give them the best data that you have. Keep your paper intriguing, however don't exhaust them with details.</p><p></p><p>As you can see, there are some acceptable tips for composing your application exposition for Howard University. For those tips that I referenced above, they will assist you with thinking of the best article that you can compose. This will permit you to arrive at your objective of getting acknowledged to the school, and above all, to turn into the best individual that you can be.</p><p></p><p>Remember that composing your Howard application article is the season that school affirmations officials will be giving close consideration to your application. They will peruse every one of your papers to check whether you have been effective in school. On the off chance that you can make their activity simpler by utilizing these tips for composing yo ur Howard application article, you will do very well in getting into a school of your choice.</p>

Rumored News on Online Writing Services Uncovered

<h1> Rumored News on Online Writing Services Uncovered </h1> <p>You can ensure that the finished work will be on your own website page in front of the deadline. In case you're utilizing composing administrations online for the absolute first time and not certain how it functions, you may consistently contact our help operator who will help you through all the stages beginning with the buy situation directly until the last paper is conveyed to you. </p> <p>Moreover, making an exposition is a far better gadget of learning analyzed than perusing for instance, by virtue of the straightforward certainty that in the event that you have the ability to cover unequivocally what you have really found and looked at, it shows you've perceived the material impeccably. Our scholars will bargain at a request. Along these lines, to abstain from building up an absolute first terrible impression, it's essential to get support from proficient introductory letter journalist s. </p> <h2> Online Writing Services Help! </h2> <p>Our composing and altering administrations are top notch and it is conceivable to be guaranteed you will make sure about the absolute best an incentive for your hard won cash. Tragically, not all composing administrations on the web can convey quality outcomes that is the motivation behind why it is better that you stay with a trustworthy and expert composing administration like us. Some composing administration may offer duplicate substance that ought to have no worth. Our exposition altering administration ensures that you get content with a coherent stream of thoughts. </p> <h2>The Most Popular Online Writing Services </h2> <p>If you're needing a little assistance recorded as a hard copy benefits and are good to go to acquire a paper, reach us today. The choice to utilize the assistance of customized writers is a correct solution for your composing issues. In the event that you are needing a touch of help recorded as a hard copy benefits and are good to go to get a paper, reach us today. The understudies should deal with some essential components. </p> <h2> The Fight Against Online Writing Services </h2> <p>Therefore, on the off chance that you accept that your aptitudes in finishing papers aren't sufficient to create a stunning paper or confirmation exposition which will assist you with getting into school, exploit Pro-Papers. Web based composing administrations are very mainstream among contemporary understudies. In case you're an understudy who frantically needs a specialist paper composing administration, we guarantee to help you in your undertakings. At the point when it has to do with scholarly papers, now and again it can not be conceivable to satisfy all cutoff times and stick to high scholastic norms. </p> <p>A number of the essayists may profess to be genuine however won't be in a situation to flexibly you with th e administrations. Another of the huge interesting points would should be the expense of the specialist co-op. There are bunches of composing administrations which have been certified and incorporate different direction. </p> <h2> The Upside to Online Writing Services </h2> <p>Custom made papers that web based composing are capable. Composing business letters can be troublesome since they change in configuration and style, in light of the venture one works. Our custom composing administration isn't inadequate. Whatever the composing need might be, you ought to find an expert custom composing administration that is not an extortion or trick. </p> <p>You can post remarks about explicit organizations which you have utilized, with the goal that others will be progressively educated. Your total fulfillment is our best want and we're going to persevere relentlessly to achieve that. It is extremely difficult to pick composing administrations, as clients have zero chance to fulfill their journalists face to face. </p> <h2>Online Writing Services for Dummies </h2> <p>An master paper composing administration will bargain predominantly on some of the angles that could be planned to be sure that the paper imparts effectively. On the off chance that it doesn't, at that point you need to know that the exposition you compose will be affected. As an approach to consider great themes, the writer should focus on a couple of the components that should ensure that the paper is captivating to peruse. Along these lines, you may have confidence your research project administration will be conveyed by methods for an ace. </p> <h2> The Advantages of Online Writing Services </h2> <p>You don't comprehend what the absolute best one is, which implies you enter an irregular one. In case you're bewildering who can help you with the task at the least cost similar to an understudy and can be squeezed for cash, you're at the right spot as we offer modest tweaked works. If so, you are at the most reasonable spot. On the off chance that you have any of the previously mentioned purposes behind getting master help on the web, settle on the correct decision let us help you with your assignments!</p> <h2> The Do's and Don'ts of Online Writing Services</h2> <p>You don't need to go far. What you ought to do is to round out the buy structure, make an installment, and in two or three minutes, you'll get your very own article aide. On the off chance that you figure composing an exposition isn't some tea, approaching the organizations with the expectation of complimentary examples will absolutely support you. </p> <p>Nonetheless, composing various articles is a basic piece of the instructive system. In the event that you have the composing expertise, at that point there is positively no compelling reason to buy papers from composing administration. In example, at o ur site, you can pick an article essayist that will permit you to complete your undertaking. Picking on the web exposition journalists isn't a bad dream any longer. </p> <p>You may look through our site dependent on the kind of thinking of you require. At that point you really need to consider about going on the web and register for an online film school. In the event that you have simple availability to web while seeking after your degree nearby, you may have a straightforward and agreeable life as you can find a fabulous author online who will do your research projects expertly. A few understudies needn't bother with an entire piece that is composed without any preparation. </p>

Friday, May 8, 2020

Several Transportation Management Research Paper Topics

<h1>Several Transportation Management Research Paper Topics</h1><p>Transportation the executives look into papers are probably the most fascinating points for understudies to peruse. As you read over other research papers, you will find that there are some fascinating things that you can gain from them. Try not to be hesitant to attempt new things, particularly with regards to perusing research papers.</p><p></p><p>Not the entirety of your perusing will originate from the ebb and flow condition of research or improvement. For instance, you may find that there is a progressing learn about an assistance in one spot and you should discover what they found. You can discover numerous assets on the web that will give you the data you need.</p><p></p><p>In ongoing years, perusing books has gotten considerably more mainstream. A significant number of the most recent books regarding this matter spread different parts of transpo rtation and you will find that you have a superior comprehension of how the world functions on the off chance that you read one of these books. These books will likewise assist you with seeing things from an alternate perspective. They will give you an alternate perspective than you may have in any case had.</p><p></p><p>You can likewise peruse the articles in magazines and papers about transportation look into paper points. A considerable lot of these magazines are assembled by exceptionally instructed individuals who are focused on bringing the universe of transportation innovative work to whatever number individuals as could be expected under the circumstances. In the event that you like to peruse a great deal, you may even find that you are keen on doing some exploration yourself.</p><p></p><p>You can likewise compose your own transportation the board look into paper points. There are numerous assets on the web that will give you t houghts to assist you with composing these papers. At the point when you are prepared to compose a paper, you will find that the most ideal approach to get the data you need is to get it from other people who have done it before.</p><p></p><p>In most cases, you will find that the thoughts for your transportation the executives look into paper themes originate from something that you found in a magazine or paper. This kind of data is utilized, in light of the fact that it was given to them by somebody who had recently observed what was happening in that specific region. Subsequently, they can give you a see of what you will discover. The data is normally very interesting.</p><p></p><p>One way that you can get thoughts for your transportation inquire about paper points is to glance through the neighborhood history books that are accessible to you. You can likewise look for nearby books in your library and on the web. This will give you s ome intriguing thoughts for your transportation the executives inquire about paper topics.</p><p></p><p>There are a wide range of reasons that you should find out about transportation. For some individuals, the case they have had an involvement with the past that has made them fully aware of a portion of the opportunities for development that are accessible to the open today. For this situation, looking into this subject can assist you with discovering why there are issues that should be fixed.</p>

What You Need to Know When Buying Paper

What You Need to Know When Buying PaperTo buy paper, it's very important to understand the whole concept of buying paper. There are a number of factors that you need to look into if you want to buy paper at a good price and get value for your money.First, you should always compare and consider your options. You can take your time and see which ones are the best deals. This way, you will be able to find the most reputable and well-known company that you can trust in your paper needs.Once you know what you want, you can start to go to the market and get ideas about what you want. There are some stores that you can visit that have many materials to choose from. You should make sure that you do your research before going to these stores because these are more likely to have an easier time selling you the materials than the store that doesn't have enough materials. So be wise and go to stores that have everything that you might need for the projects you have.If you think that the price of the paper isn't too high, then you can try to get some of the cheaper papers. You can save your money by getting a cheaper paper. If you buy the best paper, you can still save money because they may be very cheap in price. You just have to get the paper that has the quality you really need for your projects.Make sure that you read up on the paper before you actually purchase it. There are a lot of topics that you need to know about the paper that you buy. Things like its uses, how it works, and what types of material it's made of will all help you with your projects.Next, you should shop around. You should consider going to stores that sell products that you use every day. These stores usually have a lot of customers and theycan give you a better idea of what the market is like. You can also ask your friends who are a part of the craft market.Another thing you can do is go online to search for papers. This way, you can get the best prices for the items that you are looking for. The internet is definitely the best place to search for papers because you can search by product, manufacturer, and even by category. This will make it easier for you to find exactly what you're looking for.No matter how you buy paper, make sure that you buy it from a store that you can trust and get the quality you want. If you do this, you can get great results with the paper and it will be very rewarding.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Language in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark...

Mark Twain’s classic novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is arguably the best piece of American Literature ever written. However, the excessive use of the ‘n-word’ has caused a dispute on whether the book should be censored to fit the demands of modern day readers who hope to make an edited version without the slur. The release of an edited version will reduce the message Twain is relaying to his audience. Twain’s choice of language allows the reader to travel back in time to the 1800’s and discover how inhumane the racist society was towards the African American community. As discussed over a National public talk radio between Neal Conan and Alan Gribben, an english professor at Auburn University, â€Å"Many scholars and teachers view†¦show more content†¦The â€Å"n-word’ has been part of Huck Finn for centuries. Modern readers are attempting to take an erasure and press it along something set in stone, hoping it may disappear. Many parents took issue over the â€Å"book’s inclusion on a required reading list(SourceC)† in their child’s local high school. Although I believe Huck Finn is one of the most vibrant pieces of American literature, I fully understand why a parent would be enraged that their kid should be forced to read such a mature novel, If they were in middle school. I find it unfortunate that they do not trust their hig h school to perceive what Twain truly intended in his writing. The censorship of the iconic classic Huckleberry Finn is not necessary and should be protected from being updated for political correctness. As Earnest Hemmingway once wrote, â€Å"All modern American literature comes from Huckleberry Finn(SourceB).† If that is the case, shouldn’t we preserve how it was like living in America during that time period? If we take out the â€Å"n-word†, then aren’t we making an attempt to erase our past? Eliminating the racial slur, results in the censoring of that time periods society. Many parents took issue over the â€Å"book’s inclusion on a required reading list(SourceC)† in their child’s local highShow MoreRelatedHuckleberry Finn and the use of Satire Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pages Huck Finn and the use of Satire Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been controversial ever since its release in 1884. It has been called everything from the root of modern American literature to a piece of racist trash. Many scholars have argued about Huck Finn being prejudiced. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses satire to mock many different aspects of the modern world. Despite the fact that many critics have accused Mark Twain’s novel of promoting racismRead MoreHuckleberry Finn - Thesis1521 Words   |  7 Pagesemulate. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Twain shows us two Sides of the coin by putting good role models for huck such as: Judge Thatcher, Widow Douglas, And many more. On the other side he shows us also bad examples of role models, characters like Pap, the king, and the duke. Throughout the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain Shows us through Huck the importance of a role model in ones life. Throughout the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn we meet manyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain810 Words   |  4 PagesBefore Mark Twain started to write two of his most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark was known to use his characters to display his own thoughts and opinions. â€Å"This device allowed him to say just about anything he wanted, provided he could convincingly claim he was simply reporting what others had said.† (Twain, 1283). Mark Twain used this process to be a foundation of his lectures, by manipulating his popularly with his readers. During the storyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1130 Words   |  5 Pages Mark Twain, a realistic writer, explores the ideas of ordinary people and freedom in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Civil War and the Industrialization of America were historic to the rise of the realistic period, and contribut ed to the shaping of it. The authors developed the period with an emphasis on regionalism, transparent language, and character. Common themes of racism, class, and freedom emerge during realism. Mark Twain s novel demonstrates the subjects of racism andRead MoreEssay on Prejudice and Racism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn833 Words   |  4 PagesPrejudice and Racism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn      Ã‚   The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is an excellent example of racism in literature, because it uses language describing African Americans which goes beyond satire.   It treats them as objects and perpetuates stereotypes. It does not expose and deal with racism, as many advocates of its reading claim, but encourages an attitude of superiority that is unnecessary and intolerable. In order to ridRead MoreHuckleberry Finn Persuasive Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesalmost-right word and the right word is really a large matter- ‘tis the difference between the lightning bug and lightning.†(Mark Twain). Mark Twain, the author of an extraordinary yet controversial novel; The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn had a great way of capturing moments in time and bringing them to life through the use of meaningful and direct diction. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been a vexed novel for it s a use of the â€Å"N-word†. However, many scholars and associations have devised a â€Å"solution†Read MoreTwain And Huck s Intersecting Childhood1318 Words   |  6 PagesPeriod 7 April 2017 Twain and Huck’s Intersecting Childhood Mark Twain is the author of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. It is a humorous and heroic book about a boy, Huckleberry Finn, and a slave, Jim, that run away in order to help Jim gain freedom. Along the way, they run into many troubles and obstacles, but they keep going no, matter what. Their story is heartwarming, controversial, and very famous. Twain uses his own childhood experiences in his books; such as how Huck Finn grows up, the mainRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain830 Words   |  3 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is â€Å"A Great American Novel†, because of its complexity and richness. Twain writes dialogue that brings his characters to life. He creates characters with unique voice and helps the reader connect to the book. Anyone who reads it is forced to develop feelings for each character. Even though there is a great amount of controversy over the use of some choices, such as the â€Å"n word†, it makes the book more realistic. In the beginning of the novel Huck,Read MoreHuckleberry Finn Should Be Banned Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pageshad problems with The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn shortly after being published. Huckleberry Finn was first published in January of 1885 and only two months later in March of 1885 the book was banned. The problem first with the book was it was too friendly toward African Americans and believed to lead children astray from certain values. Now over 100 years later â€Å"Huckleberry Finn is still making news† (Pitts). Now in the 21th century we have a problem with Huckleberry Finn not because of kindnessRead MoreEssay on Racism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn576 Words   |  3 PagesMark Twain has always been one of the most controversial authors of all time. Though in recent years, there has been increasing controversy over the ideas expressed in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. In some extreme cases the novel has even been banned by public scho ol systems and censored by public libraries. The basis for this censorship is the argument that Mark Twains book is racist, but in reality Twain was against racism and used this book to make people aware of what was

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Economic Analysis of Oligopoly free essay sample

This has been extended and they are now looking to expand their hold on the Australian market by moving into the liquor industry. Julian Lee (2008) highlights Coles and Woolworths move into the industry, by trying to build on their previous acquisitions of liquor outlets to challenge the major brands for a share of the $6 billion per year Australian beer market. The article reveals that Coles and Woolworths plan to ‘give more space to their own beers and promote the beers in their hotels’. The beer market has so far been resistant and has retained a strong brand loyalty. Coles and Woolworths are competing against each other and relying heavily on price discounting and forming supplier contracts to attain exclusive supply. The article questions whether or not these oligopolies will be as successful as previously in attaining their complete dominance because ‘home or exclusive brands’ are currently only a small component of the market. The article questions whether or not these oligopolies will be as successful as previously in attaining their complete dominance because ‘home or exclusive brands’ are currently only a small component of the market. b Justification of the topic ‘Supermarkets brew up a crate full of profits’ is an article that clearly describes the workings on an oligopolistic market. The fact that the market is governed by two powerful firms that have the ability to influence price shows that the market more closely resembles a duopolistic structure. The beer and liquor industry comprises a differentiated oligopoly of which Woolworths and Coles are the main controllers. Woolworths and Coles control between 78 and 80. per cent of the national grocery market according to two 2008 retail surveys (Lenaghan, 2008), indicating a very high seller concentration ratio, and this figure points out the two giants’ share of the supermarket industry, including their diversification into liquor. It is clear that the competitors hope to extend this duopoly in the beer market where they have been less successful. Coles and Woolworths can be justified as a competitive duopoly as they are interdependent. They rely on each other o judge pricing of products and it has been suggested (Moynihan, 2007) that the two powers collude to maximize their profits. Significant barriers to entry for independent competitors have been created including large start up costs. The sheer size of their companies allows them to influence legislation, the fact that they encompass large economies of scale, and their control of raw materials helps these two firms to retain the staggering market share ‘to an extent unparalleled in other countries. ’(Jones, 2005) 2. Economic Analysis It is quite evident that Coles and Woolworths began their crusade of the Australian liquor industry early. Estimates of the ‘take out sales figure would be somewhat over $9 billion of a total liquor market of about $17 billon’ (Jones, 2005). Over the years the rises in productivity and efficiency have enabled the companies to sell at a discounted price. ‘Woolworths has long been engaged in a project to reduce costs through improvements in supply chain logistics’ (Jones 2005). Coles and Woolworths are well aware that this efficiency leads to increasing returns to scale. They hold economies of scale and scope that their nearest rivals cannot compete with and therefore their long run average costs continue to decline whist their output quantities are more than doubling. The long run average cost curve (1) is produced when economies of scale are many and diseconomies of scale are few. 1. 2. It is very clear that Coles and Woolworths association of groceries and liquor retailing is a classic example of oligopolistic firms attempting to further enhance their market. ‘In the mid 80’s Coles bought the Liquorland group signalling its entry into liquor retailing. This shows the industry power that the duopoly own, although as Lee rites they have found that ‘beer has remained resistant’ to the takeover of private home brand labels. Home brand labels have relied on a discounted price to capture the market’s attention, a strategy that will have little success with beer. The beer industry is already dominated by premium, boutique, imported and Aussie favourite beers that the chance of finding a large market share is unlikely. At the moment the in-house brands make up ‘just 2%’ of the beer market, most of which is taken up by Sol, a Woolworths brand. The beer industry is unlike the grocery industry where a discounted price is favourable. The Australian brewing duopoly of Fosters and Lion Nathan both believe that ‘branded beer will win out’ and are not worried that the products being forced into the market by Coles and Woolworths ‘will eat into (their) market share’. Coles and Woolworths envisions that the low priced private label brands will increase their demanded quantity from Q1 to Q2 (2) and this in turn will increase their market share and their profits. In the long run they will also be able to force more small independent brewers and sellers out of business because these retailers do not encompass the specialisation skills or labour to be able to price lower than the oligopolists or even match their prices. Although matching any price reduction for the oligopolist who retains significant economies of scale can be treated with simplicity. This can be shown by a downward movement in the marginal cost curve. (3) The prices for the consumer would decrease and the average total cost for the producer also decreases. The local liquor retailer could more often than not, have no success in moving their marginal cost curve to match that of the oligopolists. These independents’ market share and profitability will in effect reduce dramatically. This can then cause possible reductions in the industry shifting the supply curve to the left. For the consumer this is ultimately a negative scenario as the oligopolists who charge a cheaper price at present, will be able to increase their prices once the other competition has been eliminated (4). (3)(4) The article gives light onto the fact that the two giants’ are ‘creating exclusive contracts for (their) retail outlets’ and this restricts competitors selling their brands. ‘Woolworths already distributes Bitburger, Lowenbrau and Amsterdam Mariner, while Coles sells Hollandia, Cantina Cerveza, Bavaria, Estrella Damm, Harviestoun, La Trappe and Konig Pilsner. It also contracts Boags now owned by Lion Nathan to make Tasman Bitter, Tasman Gold and Hammer n Tongs for the chain’. It is clear that already Coles and Woolworths dominates much of the beer market by owning the outlets and the contracts to sell the beer itself. They anticipate that loyal customers will have to come to their outlet when shopping for their regular branded beer. It is also highlighted that ‘imported premium beer sales have grown by 20%’ from January 2007, a figure which is likely to increase. Coles and Woolworths are furthermore using their oligopolist power to create barriers and retaliate at competitors. In 2002 Fosters had no choice but to decide against branching into the retailer market as Coles had began to reduce the stocking of Fosters’ lines in its outlets (Jones, 2005). It had become clear that Coles and Woolworths were not going to let their market be penetrated by other competitors and that notion of collusion seems to be a regular and probable occurrence. Although oligopolists frequently collude, within the beer industry collusion is not yet possible as they are still trying to dominate the existing market. If the two firms were to succeed in their strategy to dominate the market and collude to set higher prices for the consumer their profit margins would be very high and the industry would resemble that of a pure monopoly (5). . Conclusion The $6 billion Australian beer market has proved to be resilient to attempts by the two giants to capture the industry. Ultimately the oligopolists plan to attempt to take hold of the beer market as they have done with groceries and petrol. In the short run, the economies of scale and the continuous logistics improvements provides the consumer with cheaper prices that the independents may not be able to provid e and consequently when the independents are run out of the market the competition and prices of the industry may increase dramatically. Coles and Woolworths are aiming to ‘target the value shopper, and thats where private label and control labels are playing. ’ The potential success of this is questioned in the article, as within the beer industry the value shopper makes up a ‘small component of the market’. Only time will tell if Coles and Woolworths can continue to extend their previous successes.